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| From Paul Snyder, forum technical advisor: Lacquer thinner isn’t as mysterious as it seems. It’s a blend of solvents from the following solvent “families”:Ketones - acetone, Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methyl n-Propyl Ketone, Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK), Methyl Isoamyl Ketone (MIAK), Methyl n-Amyl Ketone (MAK), Diisobutyl Ketone, etc. Esters - Ethyl Acetate, Isopropyl Acetate, Propyl Acetate, Isobutyl Acetate, Butyl Acetate, Methyl Amyl Acetate, Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acetate (Eastman PM Acetate), Amyl Acetate, Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP), etc. Glycol Ethers - Propylene glycol monomethyl ether, Propylene Glycol Butyl Ether, Ethylene Glycol Butyl Ether (Butyl Cellosolve, Eastman EB), etc. Alcohols - Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol, Diacetone Alcohol, etc. Petroleum Distillates - Toluene, xylene, “high-flash” naphtha (fast evaporating), naptha, etc. The solvents in each family are listed according to how fast they evaporate, fastest to slowest. In these blends, the Ketones, Esters, and Glycol ethers have the strength to actually dissolve the lacquer and are called “active” solvents. Alcohols don’t have the strength to dissolve lacquer, but work in combination with the solvents that do, so they’re called “latent” solvents. Petroleum distillates don’t have enough strength to dissolve lacquer but are useful to adjust viscosity (how thick/syrupy or thin/runny the finish is) and they’re called “diluents.” If the lacquer thinner contains too much alcohol or diluents (which is sometimes the case with inexpensive brands meant for parts cleaning, not coatings), the lacquer will not stay dissolved and will come out of solution causing it to turn white or have white chunks in the final finish. Also, mixing too much oil-base stain with your finish to make a toner will cause the lacquer to come out of solution (oil-base means petroleum distillates). That’s why it’s a good idea to thin the stain with lacquer thinner or one of the ketones before mixing it with the lacquer - it makes it compatible by lowering the percentage of petroleum distillates. Good brands of lacquer thinner that are made for coatings are interchangeable. I buy a good quality, no-brand name lacquer thinner in 55 gallon drums and the price is very good compared to buying it in smaller quantities. The main differences between brands will be minor variations in the evaporation rate and the HAPs and VOCs. Slow evaporating active solvents (e.g., MAK, IBIB, Butyl Cellosolve, etc.) are called retarders. You can add these in small quantities to eliminate blushing. Also, if your lacquer has orange peel or dry spray, thin it with more lacquer thinner and adjust it slightly with medium to slow evaporating solvents to improve its flow-out. Personally, I always have a supply of MAK on hand because it's also compatible with 2K poly. By learning about the solvents in the finishes you use, you will have the ability to get better results in a wide range of situations. Then you’ll need to find a supplier that stocks the solvents you want. |
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