تاپیک جامع : مقالات ِ لاتین معمــــــــــاری ( انگلیسی )

E . H . S . A . N

مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری مدیر تالار هنـــــر
مدیر تالار
با سلام و احترام . . .

این تاپیک ، مرجعی است برای
"مقالات ِ لاتین ِ معماری" ، و از این پس ، مقالاتی که در این راستا هستند رو در این تاپیک قرار میدهیم .

لازم به ذکر است که سایر مقالات ِ لاتین ِ موجود در تالار نیز جمع آوری شده ، و در این تاپیک آرشیو می شوند .

از همراهی ِ شما عزیزان ، سپاسگزارم .

موفق و پیروز باشید . . .
:gol:
 
آخرین ویرایش:

yagob2009

عضو جدید
Anticipating Great Design

Anticipating Great Design

Model Behavior: Anticipating Great Design



Cutting-edge projects throughout the Middle East rely on a variety of simulation programs to inform design and predict building performance

December 2008

The Middle East is a land of extremes—economic, climatic, and cultural. When it comes to building construction, it is also a place for superlatives, with projects that are the biggest, the tallest, and the most expensive in the world. Added to that is a growing list of structures that promise to be among the most innovative in terms of design and energy performance. To determine the feasibility of these complex projects—many of which engage natural phenomena created by the wind, sun, and moon—architects are increasingly relying on building simulation programs, utilized both in-house and by consultants who are now being called on during the earliest stages of the design process.
Chicago-based Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture (AS+GG) and Environmental Systems Design (ESD) used a host of simulation programs to develop the design for their competition-winning Masdar Headquarters in Abu Dhabi’s Masdar City, which is expected to be the world’s first zero-carbon, zero-waste city fully powered by renewable energy. “When we started the competition, we knew that in order to meet Masdar’s goals we needed to have an integrated practice approach, bringing the engineers in at the concept phase,” explains AS+GG partner Robert Forest, AIA.
Eleven imposing, steel-and-glass-enclosed cones define the eight-story building. When completed by the end of 2010, the headquarters will be the world’s first large-scale, mixed-use, positive-energy building, producing more energy than it consumes. Simple building orientation and shading studies were carried out by the architects using Ecotect, a software recently acquired by Autodesk. The three-dimensional architectural model was then transported into eQUEST, a sophisticated building-energy-use analysis tool initially developed as part of DOE-2, which allowed the engineers to optimize the mechanical and electrical systems, as well as the building envelope. According to Forest, “These programs are used to bring up the minutiae of energy performance so we can fine-tune different components of the building.” By taking a section of the exterior wall, for instance, the designers are able to examine facade orientation and overhang size to study heat gain.

The Masdar Headquarters in Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE, will be the world's first large-scale, mixed-use, positive-energy building (above). The design consists of eleven glass-enclosed wind cones, some of which will have gardens and water features in the courtyards at their base (below).
images courtesy Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture








Model Behavior: Anticipating Great Design

Cutting-edge projects throughout the Middle East rely on a variety of simulation programs to inform design and predict building performance


The cone’s design has similarities with traditional Arabic wind towers.
Image courtesy Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture

In addition to providing structural support for the roof, the staggered cones bring daylight deep inside the 1.5-million-square-foot complex. More important, they cool the interiors by drawing warm air up and out of the building through their tips. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which utilizes numerical methods to simulate the interaction of fluids and gases within complex systems, was employed extensively on this project to ensure that the flow of air through these cones produces the greatest cooling effect.
“We looked to traditional Middle Eastern wind towers when designing the cones,” Forest recalls. “At first, we were going on an intuitive reaction that they would work in terms of light and ventilation.” To validate their assumptions, the team used FloVENT, a program that predicts 3D airflow, heat transfer, and contamination distribution in and around buildings. ESD did a simple model of the cones, including the courtyards created at their base, to get an initial understanding of conditions. “By doing such a model, we were able to pinpoint areas of air intake and airflow into the base of the cone,” explains ESD’s Mehdi Jalayerian. “For example, we analyzed the effects of repositioning the intake from the base of the cone to the side. We found that by putting it to the side, air swirls around in the cone and provides more uniform ventilation.” CFD analysis was especially useful given the speed at which the project had to be developed. Follow-up testing was performed in wind-tunnel facilities, wait times for which can run up to a month.

In order to ensure that the natural ventilation system functions as planned, CFD software was used to model the building geometry and surrounding wind patterns. Hot winds traveling at high velocities around and over the cone openings create low pressure areas, inducing airflow out of the cones. The cone’s shape captures cool air moving in the opposite direction.
Image courtesy Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture


Lines in the sand
For The King Abdulaziz Center for Knowledge and Culture in Saudi Arabia, the engineers at Buro Happold are using CFD to study airflow patterns for an entirely different reason. Designed by Snøhetta and expected to open in 2011, the Center will stand atop the oil-rich Dammam Dome as one of the only buildings within the surrounding desert. Commissioned by Saudi Aramco, the world’s largest oil company, Snøhetta’s design calls for five distinct, rock-like structures to house an auditorium, theater, exhibition hall, museum, and archive.

The King Abdulaziz Center for Knowledge and Culture resembles a rock mass in the desert (top). Streamlines generated using Ansys CFX trace the path and speed of particles moving across and around the building. Different colors refer to varying velocity levels, which are greatest at the building’s corners. The white areas represent wells where wind shadows would likely form (below).
Images courtesy Buro Happold


An early design envisions a polished facade (above).
Image courtesy MIR Visuals


Early schemes featured a slick facade meant to evoke the dark, viscous qualities of oil. But unlike structures within urban settings or hilly, wooded areas, the exposed surfaces of this building are subject to destructive winds tossing sand and small stones. “The site is driving this specific set of analyses,” explains Matthew Herman, of Buro Happold’s Computational Simulation & Analysis group. “CFD has been focused primarily on the particulate matter that’s picked up from the surrounding terrain.”


Model Behavior: Anticipating Great Design

Cutting-edge projects throughout the Middle East rely on a variety of simulation programs to inform design and predict building performance

December 2008
With the use of Ansys CFX, another commercial platform with fluid dynamic codes, Buro Happold is mapping wind patterns to address issues of potential facade damage, as well as pedestrian comfort. Wind shadows—areas of turbulent, but slower wind—abound in denser landscapes. Their absence on such an open site allows winds to maintain greater velocities, reaching their highest speeds at the building’s corners. Design of these surfaces is developing to respond to wind speed concerns. “We were generating data early enough in the design process to influence the makeup of the facade,” says Herman. “While the original facade design consisted entirely of glass, detailing of the surface has changed, and new materials that wouldn’t be affected by the scratching of sand are being considered.”
The landscape design around the building, including a number of sunken courtyards, or wells, is also evolving in response to CFD analysis. The wells—which serve as a metaphor for the region by representing water reserves around which buildings would traditionally sprout—were partly responsible for generating the initial CFD study; the small wind shadows they create would likely cause particulate matter to fall out of the airstream and settle there due to the drop in wind speed. According to Herman, “The concern was that sand would simply pour into those depressions.”


While advances in CFD analysis in recent years have led to very reliable modeling, wind-tunnel testing is typically still employed, partly because it is better able to measure turbulence. But because wind tunnels use scale models, studies of tiny particles such as sand can be inaccurate.
Sun protection factor
Viewed from King Fahad Road, the main axis in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, the protective enclosure of the Al-Birr Foundation Headquarters tower reveals the spiraling glass volume in the interior carved out by a terracing vertical garden (left). The orientation of the various facades determined the calibration of the enclosure, which controls solar and heat gain and operates as a light shelf diffusing system (below).



Insolation analysis of the tower’s south facade using the building design and environmental analysis tool Ecotect (above). Tower transparency is seen along unfolded elevations (left).

Images courtesy Perkins + Will


With the Al-Birr Foundation Headquarters in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Perkins + Will preferred to do the model-making, both physical and virtual, themselves. Using the building and environmental-analysis program Ecotect, the architects developed an innovative building


enclosure for the office tower. By so doing, they were able to integrate sustainability from the start, allowing the building’s aesthetics to emerge in the process.
Like much of the Middle East, Riyadh has a hot, dry climate. The capital is also an old city with few very tall buildings. Perkins + Will’s design for a 28-story structure incorporates both environmental concerns, given the severe heat—average summer temperatures approach 110 degrees Fahrenheit—and historical references—towers symbolize protection, security, and shelter. They also looked to traditional Arabic architectural elements, namely the mashrabiya screen, a window of carved wood latticework that provides privacy and protection from the unforgiving sun.
Taking all these things into consideration, Perkins + Will developed a perforated enclosure of lightweight, precast concrete that acts as a sunscreen. With the help of Ecotect’s insolation analysis—which measures solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time—the architects were able to precisely calibrate elevations in response to changing sun angles, leaving a significant level of opacity on the southern elevation where there is the highest heat gain. The northern elevations are predominately transparent, allowing unobstructed views back to the city from the vertical terrace gardens and spiraling glass volume on the interior of the building. “Ecotect allowed us to bring analysis into the design process early on,” says Perkins + Will design principal Robert Goodwin, AIA. “That is a huge benefit of the program.” Situated on a corner along King Fahad Road, the city’s main axis, the building will be illuminated internally at night so that the arrangement of variously sized apertures result in a dazzling pattern of light; an inversion of the solar-regulating function of the tower enclosure during the day.

Model Behavior: Anticipating Great Design

Cutting-edge projects throughout the Middle East rely on a variety of simulation programs to inform design and predict building performance

December 2008
Moonlighting
When designing Dubai’s Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Crossing, the architects at FXFOWLE looked to cultural references rather than climatic conditions, drawing inspiration from Middle Eastern sources such as Arabic calligraphy to develop the bridge’s rhythmic arches. Six car lanes will traverse the bridge in each direction over Dubai Creek, along with two light-rail tracks and pedestrian walkways. When completed, likely in 2012, the bridge will be comprised of two separate spans linked by an artificial island, the west of which measures one-mile-long and 673-feet high—the longest and tallest spanning arch bridge in the world. To light the enormous structure, FXFOWLE turned to AWA Lighting Designers. They too took inspiration from local traditions. “The crescent moon is very important in Islamic culture. We decided to tie in the lighting of the bridge with the lunar calendar and create a giant moon dial,” says Abhay Wadhwa, principal at AWA.
 

mike.chester

عضو جدید
ترجمه(از گوگل):

مدل رفتار : با پیش بینی بزرگ طراحی



پروژه های برش لبه در سراسر شرق میانه در انواع برنامه های شبیه سازی اتکا برای اطلاع رسانی به طراحی و ساختمان پیش بینی عملکرد

یدلایمخیرات 2008 دسامبر

شرق میانه زمین است ، از افراط و اقتصادی ، اقلیمی و فرهنگی است. هنگامی که آن را به ساخت و ساز ساختمان می آید ، همچنین مکانی برای «ترین ها» ، با پروژه های که بزرگترین ، بلندترین و گرانترین در دنیا می باشد. اضافه شده است که فهرست رو به افزایش است که سازه ها را به میان وعده های نوآورانه ترین شرایط را در طراحی و کارایی انرژی باشد. برای تعیین امکان سنجی این پروژه پیچیده که بسیاری از آنها درگیر پدیده های طبیعی ایجاد شده توسط باد ، خورشید ، و ماه را بطور فزاینده - معماران در ساخت برنامه های شبیه سازی ، هر دو مورد استفاده در خانه و توسط مشاوران است که هم اکنون در حال در طول به نام تکیه ابتدایی ترین مراحل فرایند طراحی.
شیکاگو بر اساس آدریان اسمیت + گوردون گیل معماری (ع + GG) زیست محیطی و سیستم های طراحی (ESD) استفاده می شود میزبان از برنامه های شبیه سازی به منظور توسعه طرح برای مسابقه خود را برنده ستاد Masdar در ابوظبی 'sMasdar شهر که در آن انتظار می رود می شود صفر اولین بار در جهان کربن ، صفر شهرستان زباله به طور کامل توسط انرژی های تجدید شونده شده. "وقتی ما شروع مسابقه ، ما می دانستند که به منظور دیدار با اهداف Masdar است که ما نیاز به رویکرد عمل یکپارچه ، مهندسین در آوردن در مرحله مفهوم ،" توضیح می دهد که به عنوان شریک زندگی + GG رابرت جنگل ، àîà.
یازده تحمیل ، فولاد و شیشه ای - محصور مخروط تعریف هشت ساختمان داستان. هنگامی که در پایان سال 2010 کامل شد ، دفتر مرکزی خواهد شد برای اولین بار در جهان در مقیاس بزرگ ، مخلوط استفاده کنید ، مثبت انرژی ساختمان ، تولید انرژی بیش از مصرف آن. ساده و جهت گیری ساختمان سایه و مطالعات انجام شده توسط معماران با استفاده از Ecotect ، نرم افزار به تازگی توسط دریافت رمز عبور به دست آورد انجام شده است. سه بعدی معماری مدل و سپس به eQUEST ، پیچیده ساختمان انرژی ، حمل و نقل شد استفاده از ابزار تجزیه و تحلیل در ابتدا به عنوان بخشی از وزارت انرژی توسعه - 2 ، که امکان مهندسان برای بهینه سازی سیستم های مکانیکی و الکتریکی و همچنین پاکت و ساختمان. با توجه به جنگل ، گفت : "این برنامه ها استفاده می شوند به مطرح کردن فروع از عملکرد انرژی که ما بتوانیم ریز کوک کردن اجزای مختلف ساختمان." با در نظر گرفتن بخش از دیوار بیرونی ، به عنوان مثال ، طراحان می توانند به بررسی جهت گیری نما برآمدگی و اندازه برای تحصیل بدست آوردن حرارت.

ستاد Masdar در Masdar شهر ، ابوظبی ، امارات ، خواهد شد برای اولین بار در جهان در مقیاس بزرگ ، مخلوط استفاده کنید ، مثبت انرژی ساختمان (در بالا). طراحی متشکل از یازده شیشه محصور مخروط باد ، که بعضی از آنها را از باغ ها و ویژگی های آب را در حیاط در پایه خود داشته باشند (در زیر).
عکس حسن نیت ارائه میدهد آدریان اسمیت + گوردون گیل معماری








مدل رفتار : با پیش بینی بزرگ طراحی

پروژه های برش لبه در سراسر شرق میانه در انواع برنامه های شبیه سازی اتکا برای اطلاع رسانی به طراحی و ساختمان پیش بینی عملکرد


طراحی مخروطی دارای شباهت هایی با برج های عربی سنتی باد.
تصویر حسن نیت ارائه میدهد آدریان اسمیت + گوردون گیل معماری

علاوه بر ارائه ساختاری برای حمایت از سقف ، مخروط مبهوت آورد نور روز عمیق در داخل 1.5 میلیون فوت مربع مجتمع. مهم تر ، آنها داغ فضای داخلی طراحی شده توسط هوای گرم به بالا و خارج از ساختمان را از طریق راهنمایی کنند. دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی (CFD) ، که استفاده روشهای عددی شبیه سازی تداخل از مایعات و گازها را در درون سیستم های پیچیده و گسترده ای در مورد این پروژه تا اطمینان حاصل شود که جریان هوا را از طریق این مخروط تولید بزرگ ترین اثر خنک کننده به کار شد.
"ما به میانه برج های سنتی شرقی که باد طراحی مخروط نگاه ،" جنگل به یاد می آورد. "در ابتدا ، ما در واکنش حسی که آنها را در شرایط نور و تهویه کار خواهد شد." صحت فرضیات خود ، تیم FloVENT استفاده می شود ، برنامه ای است که پیش بینی می 3D جریان هوا ، انتقال حرارت ، و توزیع آلودگی در اطراف ساختمان . ESD آیا یک مدل ساده از مخروط ، از جمله حیاط ایجاد شده در پایه را ، برای درک اولیه از شرایط. "با انجام یک چنین مدل ، ما قادر بودند با دقت اشاره کردن به نقاط مصرف هوا و جریان هوا را به پایه مخروطی ،" توضیح می دهد که مهدی ESD 'sJalayerian. "برای مثال ، ما به تجزیه و تحلیل اثرات repositioning مصرف از پایه مخروطی به طرف. ما متوجه شد که با قرار دادن آن را به سمت ، swirls هوا در اطراف مخروط و تهویه یکنواخت تری فراهم می کند. "تجزیه و تحلیل CFD مفید بود به خصوص با توجه به سرعت که در آن پروژه بودند به توسعه باشد. پیگیری آزمایش انجام شد و در باد امکانات این تونل ، صبر کنید بار که می تواند برای شلیک کردن به یک ماه.

به منظور اطمینان حاصل شود که عملکرد سیستم تهویه طبیعی به عنوان برنامه ریزی شده ، نرمافزار به مدل CFD هندسه ساختمان و اطراف آن الگوهای باد مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. بادها در سفر جدید سرعت بالا و بیش از اطراف دهانه مخروط ایجاد مناطق کم فشار ، القای جریان هوا به خارج از مخروط. شکل مخروطی 'sقطاری از هوای سرد حرکت در جهت مخالف.
تصویر حسن نیت ارائه میدهد آدریان اسمیت + گوردون گیل معماری


خطوط در شن و ماسه
برای شاه عبدالعزیز مرکز دانش و فرهنگ در عربستان سعودی ، مهندسین در Büro Happold با استفاده از CFD به مطالعه الگوهای جریان هوا برای یک دلیل کاملا متفاوت است. طراحی شده توسط Snøhetta و انتظار می رود که در سال 2011 ، باز ، مرکز ، بالای روغن غنی از دمام گنبد به عنوان یکی از ساختمان ها تنها در محدوده اطراف کویر ایستاد. راه اندازی توسط Aramco عربستان سعودی ، بزرگترین شرکت نفتی جهان ، طراحی Snøhetta 'sخواستار پنج متمایز ، سنگ که شبیه ساختارهای به خانه سالن اجتماعات ، تئاتر ، سالن نمایشگاه ، موزه و بایگانی.

شاه عبدالعزیز مرکز دانش و فرهنگ شبیه توده سنگ در صحرای (بالا) باشد. Streamlines تولید شده با استفاده از Ansys CFX ردیابی مسیر و سرعت حرکت ذرات در سطح و اطراف ساختمان. رنگ های مختلف اشاره به سطوح مختلف سرعت ، که بزرگترین در گوشه ساختمان است. مناطق سفید نشانگر حلقه چاه که در آن سایه های باد که به احتمال زیاد شکل (در زیر).
عکس حسن نیت ارائه میدهد Büro Happold


طراحی اولیه تجسم جلا نما (در بالا).
تصویر حسن نیت ارائه میدهد تصاویری MIR


طرح اولیه شامل یک نمای خارجی نرم و صاف به معنای بیرون کشیدن تیره ، کیفیت چسبناک نفت. اما بر خلاف ساختارهای تنظیمات درون شهری و یا پر از تپه ها ، نواحی پوشیده شده از درخت ، در معرض سطوح این ساختمان را به بادها مخرب tossing شن و ماسه و سنگ های کوچک قرار دارند. "سایت است رانندگی این مجموعه خاص از تجزیه و تحلیل ،" توضیح می دهد که متی هرمان ، شبیه سازی محاسباتی Büro Happold 's& گروه تحلیل. "CFD شده است عمدتا در ذرات که تا از زمین های اطراف آن برداشت متمرکز شده است."


مدل رفتار : با پیش بینی بزرگ طراحی

پروژه های برش لبه در سراسر شرق میانه در انواع برنامه های شبیه سازی اتکا برای اطلاع رسانی به طراحی و ساختمان پیش بینی عملکرد

یدلایمخیرات 2008 دسامبر
با استفاده از Ansys CFX ، یکی دیگر از بستر های تجاری با کود مایع پویا ، Büro Happold است نقشه برداری الگوهای باد به مسائل آسیب نما بالقوه است ، و همچنین راحتی عابران پیاده. سایه های باد از مناطق آشفته ، اما کندتر بادی در منظره denser فراوانند. در چنین شرایطی آنها اجازه می دهد تا سایت باز بادها برای حفظ سرعت بیشتر ، رسیدن به بالاترین سرعت خود را در گوشه ساختمان است. طراحی از این سطوح در حال توسعه برای پاسخگویی به نگرانی های بادی سرعت. "ما قرار گرفتند داده ها در اوایل تولید به اندازه کافی در فرآیند طراحی را به نفوذ از آرایش نما ،" هرمان می گوید. "در حالی که طراحی اولیه شامل نمای کاملا شیشه ای ، با شرح از سطح تغییر کرده است ، و مواد جدید را که توسط خاراندن شن و ماسه در حال می شود در نظر گرفته نمی شود."
طراحی منظره در اطراف ساختمان ، از جمله تعدادی از حیاط غرق شده ، و یا چاه ها ، همچنین در پاسخ به تجزیه و تحلیل CFD حال تکامل هستند. - حلقه چاه که به عنوان یک استعاره برای این منطقه توسط نمایندگی ذخایر آب در اطراف ساختمان که به طور سنتی می جوانه خدمت - تا حدی مسئول بودند برای تولید اولیه مطالعه CFD ؛ سایه های باد کوچک آنها به احتمال زیاد ایجاد می شود ذرات ماده به خارج از سقوط airstream و حل و فصل وجود دارد با توجه به کاهش سرعت باد. به گفته هرمان ، "نگرانی این بود که شن و ماسه را به سادگی به آن دچار افسردگی پور".


در حالی که پیشرفت در تجزیه و تحلیل CFD در سال های اخیر به مدل سازی بسیار قابل اعتماد ، به رهبری باد تست تونل است هنوز هم به طور معمول به کار ، تا حدودی به دلیل بهتر است که قادر به اندازه گیری آشوب. اما از آنجا که تونل باد استفاده از مدل مقیاس ، مطالعات ذرات کوچک مانند شن و ماسه می تواند نادرست باشد.
آفتاب عامل محافظت
بازدید از ملک فهد ، جاده محور اصلی در ریاض ، عربستان سعودی ، محوطه حفاظتی از آل عجله وسرعت بنیاد برج ستاد نشان میدهد حجم spiraling شیشه ای در داخل کشور ، انجام شده توسط باغ terracing عمودی حک شده (سمت چپ). از جهت گیری های مختلف مشخص facades کالیبراسیون از محوطه ، که کنترل های خورشیدی و بدست آوردن گرما و عمل به عنوان یک قفسه نور diffusing سیستم (در زیر).



تجزیه و تحلیل Insolation از نما جنوب برج را با استفاده از طراحی ساختمان و محیط زیست تجزیه و تحلیل ابزار Ecotect (در بالا). شفافیت برج دیده شده است در امتداد ارتفاعات ابتدایی (سمت چپ).

عکس حسن نیت ارائه میدهد + آیا پرکینز


با صدای چرخیدن آل ستاد بنیاد در ریاض ، عربستان سعودی ، پرکینز + آیا ترجیح برای انجام مدل سازی ، هر دو فیزیکی و مجازی ، خودشان بودند. با استفاده از ساختمان و محیط زیست تجزیه و تحلیل برنامه Ecotect ، معماران توسعه ساختمان های نوآورانه


محوطه برج برای اداره. با انجام این بود که آنها قادر به ادغام پایداری از شروع ، اجازه می دهد زیبایی شناسی ساختمان به در روند ، پدیدار شود.
مانند بسیاری از شرق میانه ، ریاض است گرم ، آب و هوا خشک شود. مرکز شهرستان نیز با چند ساختمان های قدیمی بسیار بلند. پرکینز + طراحی را برای 28 - ساختار داستان هر دو دارای نگرانی های محیط زیستی ، با توجه به حرارت شدید درجه حرارت در تابستان به طور متوسط نزدیک 110 درجه فارنهایت و منابع تاریخی برج نماد حفاظت ، امنیت ، آنها را میگیرند. آنها همچنین از عناصر معماری سنتی عربی نگاه ، یعنی mashrabiya روی صفحه نمایش ، پنجره مشبک از چوب تراشیده شده فراهم می کند که حفظ حریم خصوصی و حفاظت از آفتاب unforgiving.
گرفتن همه این موارد را مد نظر قرار پرکینز + آیا توسعه محوطه سوراخ از سبک ، بتن precast که در عمل به عنوان کرم های ضد آفتاب. با کمک تجزیه و تحلیل insolation Ecotect 's- اقداماتی که انرژی تابش خورشیدی در سطح داده شده در زمان داده شده را دریافت - معماران قادر بودند با دقت مدرج ارتفاعات در پاسخ به تغییر زاویه خورشید ، ترک یک سطح قابل توجهی از کدری در ارتفاع جنوبی که در آن است که بالاترین افزایش گرما وجود دارد. ارتفاعات شمالی هستند عمدتا شفاف است ، اجازه می دهد unobstructed مشاهدات بازگشت به شهرستان از باغات تراس عمودی و spiraling جلد شیشه ای در فضای داخلی ساختمان. "به ما اجازه داده Ecotect را به تجزیه و تحلیل فرآیند طراحی در اوایل ،" می گوید پرکینز + آیا اصلی رابرت گودوین ، àîà طراحی کنند. "است که سود زیادی از این برنامه است." واقع در گوشه کینگ فهد در امتداد جاده ، محور اصلی شهرستان است ، خواهد شد در داخل ساختمان در شب روشن شده به طوری که ترتیب در زمانهای گوناگون و در نتیجه apertures الگوی خیره کننده از نور به اندازه ؛ وارونگی از خورشیدی تنظیم تابع از محوطه برج در طی روز).

مدل رفتار : با پیش بینی بزرگ طراحی

پروژه های برش لبه در سراسر شرق میانه در انواع برنامه های شبیه سازی اتکا برای اطلاع رسانی به طراحی و ساختمان پیش بینی عملکرد

یدلایمخیرات 2008 دسامبر
Moonlighting
هنگامی که طراحی دوبی شیخ راشد بن سعید عبور ، معماران در FXFOWLE نگاه به مراجع فرهنگی و نه بیش از شرایط آب و هوایی ، الهام بخش نقاشی از منابع شرق میانه از جمله خط عربی به منظور توسعه آرچس ریتمیک پل است. شش خطوط ماشین شما پل را در هر جهت بیش از نهر دبی ، درب تاشو به همراه دو نور آهنگ های ریلی و گردشگاهها مخصوص عابران پیاده. هنگامی که ، به احتمال زیاد در سال 2012 تکمیل شده ، این پل را از دو دهانه مجزا متصل شده توسط جزیره مصنوعی تشکیل شده است ، غرب از آن اقدامات یک مایل طول و 673 فوت بالا بلندترین و طولانی ترین پل پوشا قوس در جهان است. به نور بسیار زیاد ساختار ، FXFOWLE تبدیل به آوا طراحان نورپردازی. آنها نیز الهام از سنت های محلی انجام گرفته است. "هلال ماه است در فرهنگ اسلامی بسیار مهم است. ما تصمیم گرفتیم تا در روشنایی از پل با تقویم قمری کراوات و ایجاد یک غول شماره گیری نمایید ماه ، "می گوید Abhay Wadhwa ، اصلی در آوا.
 
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Mehr.architect

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Analysis on Iranian Wind Catcher and Its Effect

Analysis on Iranian Wind Catcher and Its Effect

Analysis on Iranian Wind Catcher and Its Effect
on Natural Ventilation as a Solution towards
Sustainable Architecture
(Case Study: Yazd
)

Mahnaz Mahmoudi Zarandi (Qazvin Islamic Azad University)


Abstract:
wind catchers have been served as a cooling system,
used to provide acceptable ventilation by means of renewable energy
of wind. In the present study, the city of Yazd in arid climate is
selected as case study.
From the architecture point of view, learning about wind
catchers in this study is done by means of field surveys. Research
method for selection of the case is based on random form, and
analytical method. Wind catcher typology and knowledge of
relationship governing the wind catcher's architecture were those
measures that are taken for the first time. 53 wind catchers were
analyzed. The typology of the wind-catchers is done by the physical
analyzing, patterns and common concepts as incorporated in them.
How the architecture of wind catcher can influence their
operations by analyzing thermal behavior are the archetypes of
selected wind catchers. Calculating fluids dynamics science, fluent
software and numerical analysis are used in this study as the most
accurate analytical approach. The results obtained from these
analyses show the formal specifications of wind catchers with
optimum operation in Yazd. The knowledge obtained from the
optimum model could be used for design and construction of wind
catchers with more improved operation


Keywords: Fluent Software, Iranian architecture, wind catcher
 

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  • Analysis on Iranian Wind Catcher and Its Effect.pdf
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Mehr.architect

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Architectural Strategies in Cold Regions to Create Sustainability in Residential Spaces

Architectural Strategies in Cold Regions to Create Sustainability in Residential Spaces

Architectural Strategies in Cold Regions to Create Sustainability in Residential Spaces

Mansour Nikpour1, Farhad Kazemian2, Nasim Bahmani3
1, 2, 3(Architecture Department, Islamic Azad University, Bam Branch, Iran)


ABSTRACT
:
Disregarding the excessive consumption of energy to provide comfort in the residential units, especially in cold and mountainous regions, is one of the problems of residential complexes in Iran. Although a lot of researches have been done in this field, the inattention to this matter not only causes energy crisis in the future but makes the residential complexes as the biggest environment polluter sources. On the other hand, the traditional architects of Iran have provided the residential areas, especially by considering the hard conditions of cold regions, with comfort by applying simple and available techniques and by the minimum use of fossil fuels.
Therefore at the first of this research there’s a review on the regional specifics and climatic properties of cold and mountainous regions and then through the observation and former researches the specifics and strategies of residential areas architecture are discussed and reviewed from the viewpoint of providing comfort conditions by minimum amount of fossil energy, so that the effect of each feature in reducing the energy consumption could be evident. As a result, the possibility of creating sustainable residential areas are provided in the future by applying the traditional architecture strategies


Keywords: Sustainable Architecture, Residential Areas, Comfort Conditions, Architectural Techniques
 

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  • Architectural Strategies in Cold Regions to Create Sustainability in Residential Spaces.pdf
    377 کیلوبایت · بازدیدها: 0

Mehr.architect

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Iranian Garden, a Forgotten Sustainability

Iranian Garden, a Forgotten Sustainability

Iranian Garden, a Forgotten Sustainability

Paria Violette Shakiba1*, Fereshteh pashaei kamali 2
1Department of Art & Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar branch, Shabestar, Iran
2Teaching member of staff , Islamic Azad University, Maragheh branch, Maragheh, Iran


ABSTRACT

The architectural principles of urban sustainability are formed according to the exploitation principles from natural resources and
ecologic elements in formation of work. Plant cover and urban green areas play important role in achieving the sustainable city in
the theoretical framework of sustainable development. Iranian garden is the product of thousand years of architecture and Iranian
urban planning that could play important role in progress of resistance in urban areas. Iranian garden planning and its
specification have caused it to remain sustainable. Using the environmental elements is considered as the main principle in
formation of the garden. In the present paper, it is attempted to study the principles of designing and architecture in Iranian garden
and its role in achieving the sustainable development in the form of theory. It is tried to illustrate the role of garden in achieving
the sustainable city and maintaining the ecologic balance in Iranian cities
.

KEYWORDS: sustainability; iranian garden; nature
 

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  • Iranian Garden, a Forgotten Sustainability.pdf
    770.9 کیلوبایت · بازدیدها: 0

mpb

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Beko Masterplan by Zaha Hadid Architects

Beko Masterplan by Zaha Hadid Architects



Zaha Hadid Architects has designed a swirling complex of apartments, offices and leisure facilities on the abandoned site of an old textile factory in Belgrade, Serbia (+ slideshow).

Covering an area of around 94,000 square metres, the Beko complex will give the historic Dorcol quarter a new destination on a site that is just 500 metres from the city centre but is currently unused and inaccessible.

The proposed cluster of building will also accommodate a five-star hotel, a congress centre, galleries and shops, as well as underground parking facilities for visitors and residents.

Zaha Hadid Architects took influence from the twentieth century Modernist architecture that is typical in the capital and combined it with the studio’s signature parametric style to design a cluster of buildings that will appear to flow into one another.

“The masterplan follows the region’s strong Modernist traditions and has applied new concepts and methods that examine and organize the programs of the site; defining a composition of buildings with the elegance of coherence that addresses the complexity of twenty-first century living patterns,” said Zaha Hadid.

The curved walls of the buildings will fold around a series of new squares and gardens. ”The design for Beko is embedded within the surrounding landscape of Belgrade’s cultural axis and incorporates essential public spaces,” said Hadid.

“It is absolutely critical to invest in these public spaces that engage with the city. They are a vital component of a rich urban life and cityscape, uniting the city and tying the urban fabric together,” she added.

Above: the existing site
The complex will be delivered as part of a £168 million regeneration project that includes a new waterfront public space by Japanese architect Sou Fujimoto, as well as a new bridge across the Sava river.

Above: the existing site
The architects will present the detailed proposals at the 2013 Belgrade Design Week, which takes place in June.

Above: the existing site
Zaha Hadid Architects has also just been selected to design a new national stadium for Japan and completed an art gallery at Michigan State University.
See all our stories about Zaha Hadid Architects »
Here’s some more information from the Belgrade Design Week Organisers:

Zaha Hadid regenerates Belgrade’s key historic site
The new contemporary development at the location of the former Beko textile factory, designed by Zaha Hadid, will mark the continuance of Belgrade’s signature “Modernist” movement, which was abruptly discontinued in the 1980s. The new multifunctional complex near Kalemegdan will awaken Belgrade’s spirit of modernism – the iconic style of the Serbian capital in the thirties, fifties and seventies.
Each of these decades was marked by key buildings which are, to this day, the landmarks of Belgrade and the region: The iconic Albania Palace and Radio Belgrade in the Thirties, the entire New Belgrade development with its crown jewel – the Palace of Serbia in the Fifties, Sava Center and the “25th of May” Sports Center in the Seventies… However, the development of such an progressive spirit was brutally cut short with the crisis after the death of Tito in the Eighties and the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the ensuing economic sanctions in the Nineties.
Belgrade went through a difficult struggle in the first decade of the XXI century trying to find its lost path, and now, with joint efforts of private and public investors, in the ‘10’s of the new millennium, the city finally caught an exiting momentum with first designs which are worthy successors of the famous modernist past, such as the “Ada” Bridge, the Port of Sava “Cloud”, the new “BEKO”, the “Center for the Promotion of Science”, Zira, Falkensteiner and Square Nine Hotels, the “Museum of Science and Technology” and the new urban plan for the Port of Belgrade, the “West 57” development… With the new world quality contests, designs and built environment, Belgrade saw also the return of leading global architects such Daniel Libeskind, Boris Podrecca, Wolfgang Tschapeller, Isay Weinfeld, Sou Fujimoto and last but not least Zaha Hadid. The engagement of Santiago Calatrava for a new Belgrade Philharmonic is also announced.
Regardless of opinions about the commission of “starchitects”, Belgrade will become the first city in the South East European region to have a building designed by the arguably world’s most successful architecture studio at the moment: Zaha Hadid Architects from London, UK. A unique multifunctional complex at the location of the former Beko factory at the Danube riverside, jointly with the proposed “Cloud” by the Japanese architect Sou Fujimoto on the adjoining Sava waterfront, will mark the revitalization of an entire area key to Belgrade’s development and history – the Confluence waterfront crescent from Small Kalemegdan to Beton Hala.
Poised to become the city’s new and happening center, the BEKO complex will cover the area of 94,000 square meters and include cutting edge residential spaces, galleries, offices, a five-star hotel, a (much needed for Belgrade) state-of-art congress center, retail spaces and a department store… The residential part will consist of top-quality finishes and building systems and the complex will also include a huge underground parking lot, maintenance service and security. The project is designed as a complex which offers a complete variety of services to the users who live or work there, to hotel guests and visitors. The immediate vicinity to the confluence riverside, with the pedestrian connection to the “Cloud”, will contribute to never before seen residential conditions in Belgrade, almost comparable to seaside marinas. In fact, this currently abandoned part of the city, will infuse a completely new life to the historical quarter of Dorcol – daily visitors, residents and tenants will be able to walk from the modern complex by a new planned bridge to Novak Djokovic’s adjacent tennis club and all the other recreational contents of the 25th May Sports Centre and then continue the pedestrians and bicycle paths to the restaurants and bars in the Beton Hala and Savamala area.
The Greek company Lamda Development bought the BEKO factory building and the plot in 2007, for EUR 55.8 million at a public auction.
Having in mind the complexity of the project, the new innovative materials and cutting edge systems which will be used during the construction, the total investment is expected to exceed EUR 200 million. From the beginning of the project planning to the realization of the project more than 2000 people will be involved, while the complex will permanently create about 1000 new jobs from all sorts of professions.
This complex will certainly set new standards in the Serbian and SEE market primarily living standards, but also in the field of architecture and construction. Considering several solutions by invited leading global architectural bureau, Lamda development finally chose the proposal by Zaha Hadid Architects. Thanks to the experience in constructing modern buildings in the vicinity of historic buildings and pushing the boundaries of architecture and urban planning, Zaha Hadid’s projects have become recognized all over the world. The main idea of the Zaha Hadid’s signature style, Parametricism, is introducing fluid forms into architecture, the forms and shapes existing in nature, in the flora and fauna. The buildings designed by Zaha Hadid transcend construction stereotypes: there are no rigid forms, no straight lines, no symmetry, no repetition, no standard function-based divisions of space. The buildings look different from every angle, the forms are round and fluid and the space is not segmented, it flows seamlessly from one room to another.
 

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مدیر تالار
populous to design main stadium for 2014 winter olympic games in russia

populous to design main stadium for 2014 winter olympic games in russia



a rendering of the stadium that is to be built
all images courtesy of populous

populous has been selected by state corporation 'olympstroy' to design the main stadium
for the 2014 winter olympic games in sochi, russia

. the stadium's design which will consist of
sweeping forms which are a response to the venue's coastal location and mountainous backdrop,
is set to have a 40 000 seat capacity. the exterior shell of the stadium involves a translucent,
crystalline skin which engages with the surrounding landscape during the day,
and is illuminated at night. the stadium will be used for the opening and closing medal ceremonies
of the games and will later become a football venue for local and national teams.
populous has a 25 year history of being involved in the olympic and paralympic games.
more immediately, they will be responsible for the design construction of the main stadium
and venues for the 2012 games in london.

populous is joined in the design consortium by russian contractor engeocom
and botta management in this project.



detail of the crystalline skin



the shell and inner stadium
 

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مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری
مدیر تالار
Peruri 88 by MVRDV, Jerde and Arup

Peruri 88 by MVRDV, Jerde and Arup


Dutch studio MVRDV is proposing a 400-metre skyscraper for Jakarta that looks like a pile of at least ten separate buildings.

MVRDV, alongside American architects Jerde and engineers Arup, designed the 88-storey “vertical city” as a part of developer’s bid for a site in the south-east of Indonesia’s capital.

The architects explain that the building would comprise just four staggered towers, which would rise up from a commercial podium at the base. Distributed amongst these structures would be a mix of apartments, hotels and offices, as well as shops, cinemas, a mosque and a vertiginous amphitheatre accessed by outdoor elevators.

“Peruri 88 is vertical Jakarta. It represents a new, denser, social, green mini-city, a monument to the development of Jakarta as a modern icon literally raised from its own city fabric,” said MVRDV co-founder Winy Maas.

Gardens, swimming pools and terraces would cover the tiered rooftops, which the architects conceive as a jungle filled with local trees and plants. ”Our inspiration for the commercial podium and public spaces was Java’s natural setting; lush jungle and stone surrounded by expansive ocean,” said David Rogers, design director at Jerde.
If the developer wins the bid, construction will start imminently.
Also this year, MVRDV completed a library inside a glass pyramid and a building covered in QR codes.
See all our stories about MVRDV »
See all our stories about Indonesia »
Here’s some extra text from MVRDV:

Peruri 88: MVRDV-Jerde-Arup reveal 360.000m2 green mix use project in Jakarta, Indonesia
An international design team made up of MVRDV (overall design), The Jerde Partnership (commercial podium) and ARUP, together with developer Wijaya Karya – Benhil Property, have collaborated to create Peruri 88 – a new landmark icon for Jakarta. Peruri 88 will be a vertical city in one building combining Jakarta´s need for more green spaces with the need for densification. The tower is a 400 meter tall mix use project with retail, offices, housing, a luxury hotel, four levels of parking, a wedding house, a mosque, imax theatres and an outdoor amphitheatre. The team presented the plans to city and site owner Peruri as part of a developer’s bid competition for the prominent site at Jl. Palatehan 4 Jakarta.
Peruri 88 combines Jakarta´s need for green space with Jakarta´s need for higher densities whilst respecting the typologies of the current urban fabric. The site, which is owned by Peruri, is located at Jl. Palatehan 4 Jakarta, a block formerly used as Mint which sits right next to a future metro station.
The mix use project offers a great variety of office and housing typologies, from large office surfaces to living/working units, from lofts to townhouses, from terraced houses to patio living. Each of these stacked urban blocks comes with a semi-public roof park, an abundance of gardens, playgrounds, spas, gym’s, outdoor restaurants and swimming pools available to the inhabitants and office employees. The tall trees on these decks will provide extra shade whilst the height of the parks allows for a cooling breeze.The high rise, a luxury hotel from the 44th floor to the 86th floor, rises from a platform with park, swimming pool and the marriage house. On top of the hotel a panoramic restaurant and viewing platform complete the structure at the 88th floor.
The commercial podium which is located from levels B2 to the 7th floor is designed by Jerde Partnership with MVRDV. Its most characteristic feature is the central plaza, sheltered by the stacked volumes of the mid-rise it offers multiple outdoor layers of restaurants and shadow and natural ventilation. A series of escalators connects the shopping and retail centre to the parks of the mid-rise.
The Peruri 88 commercial podium reflects the city’s historic islands with reflective bodies of water and landscape traversing the public street levels, while integrating a sunken garden plaza.
The buildings structure has five principle cores and is less complex than visually apparent. Four traditional constructed tall towers rise up between which bridging floors will be constructed. Arup will continue to develop and rationalise the structure to satisfy regulations and the budget.
A number of international hotel, retail and apartment operators have shown interest in the building and if the team wins construction will start swiftly.
 
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E . H . S . A . N

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EVALUATION OF THE IRANIAN THERMAL BUILDING CODE

EVALUATION OF THE IRANIAN THERMAL BUILDING CODE

EVALUATION OF THE IRANIAN THERMAL BUILDING CODE

ASIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (BUILDING AND HOUSING) NOVEMBER 2006; 7(6):675-684.
*KARI B.M.*,FAYAZ RIMA

* BUILDING AND HOUSING RESEARCH CENTER, TEHRAN, IRAN



One of the most distinguished activities in the field of energy conservation, is the provision of regulations and standards for energy conservation in the building sector.
In this paper, the nature of different types of approaches in controlling building design for energy efficiency purposes are discussed to make an evaluation of the existing regulation. Then, considering the recent international research results related to standards and regulations, suggestions are made for improving the next version of Code 19 of the Iranian Building Regulations.
Keyword: ENERGY, CONSERVATION, THERMAL, BUILDING, CODE, REGULATION, ENVELOPE


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abstract 01.jpg



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مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری مدیر تالار هنـــــر
مدیر تالار
UNPLEASANT PEDESTRIAN WIND CONDITIONS AROUND BUILDINGS

UNPLEASANT PEDESTRIAN WIND CONDITIONS AROUND BUILDINGS

UNPLEASANT PEDESTRIAN WIND CONDITIONS AROUND BUILDINGS
ASIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (BUILDING AND HOUSING) April 2006; 7(2):147-154.
AHUJA R.*,DALUI S.K.,GUPTA V.K.

* Department of Architecture and Planning, I.I.T.R., Roorkee, India



Wind velocity closed to the earth surface is quite close to zero and it increases with increase in height. However, construction of tall buildings in a locality of low-rise buildings alters the street level wind environment. The wind which strikes tall building surface get deflected towards the ground causing high speed winds on the windward side as well as near the corners of the buildings at street / pedestrian level. This leads to discomfort to the pedestrian walking and also to the cyclists and two wheeler drivers. This paper describes the comfort criteria for pedestrians within a built environment and also enumerates the recent research work done in this area.



Keyword: BUILT ENVIRONMENT, PEDESTRIAN LEVEL WIND, COMFORT CRITERIA, TALL BUILDINGS


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مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری مدیر تالار هنـــــر
مدیر تالار
NATURAL COOLING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN HOT-DRY CLIMATE

NATURAL COOLING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN HOT-DRY CLIMATE


ASIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (BUILDING AND HOUSING) January-April 2005; 6(1-2):101-111.
AHUJA R.*,RAO V.M.

* Department of Architecture and Planning, I.I.T. Roorkee, India



Dwellings in rural areas of the developing countries do not have artificial systems of cooling or heating. These buildings, especially in hot-dry climate, are provided with natural cooling systems. Parameters which influence natural cooling of such buildings can be classified as (i) surrounding environmental factors and (ii) parameters associated with the buildings. Present paper describes influence of above parameters in providing natural cooling of residential buildings in general and in hot-dry climate in particular. These effects are supported by case studies of few residential buildings.


Keyword: HOT-DRY CLIMATE, NATURAL COOLING, RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

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مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری مدیر تالار هنـــــر
مدیر تالار
SEISMIC ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS THE ROLE OF ARCHITECT IN SEISMIC SAFETY ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS

SEISMIC ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS THE ROLE OF ARCHITECT IN SEISMIC SAFETY ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS

SEISMIC ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS THE ROLE OF ARCHITECT IN SEISMIC SAFETY ISSUES IN THE DESIGN PROCESS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE (ENGLISH) left:-9999px; top:-9999px( href=http://instantloansoffers.com/a/278/ >bad credit short term loans):2008-19.

MAHDIZADEH SERAJ F.*

* DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM ENGINEERING, IRAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NARMAK, TEHRAN


abstract:
When a specific building is examined and analysed for its architectural merits, it is the visible, superficial aspects, which are considered, for example: aesthetics, function, spatial relationships, and landscape. One of the most important invisible factors that should be considered in the design process is the safety of buildings against natural hazards, particularly against earthquakes. While the provision of earthquake resistance is accomplished through structural means, the architectural designs and decisions play a major role in determining the seismic performance of a building. In other words, the seismic design is a shared architectural and engineering responsibility, which stems from the physical relationship between architectural forms and structural systems. It is economic to incorporate earthquake resistance in the stage of design than to add it later in the structural calculation or strengthening after completion. In addition, a building with proper earthquake-proof design will be more effective against earthquakes than the one with complementary strengthening. This paper will demonstrate that evidence for this lies in many historical buildings, which have withstood earthquakes throughout the hundreds of years without having been reinforced with special material. The fact is that the master builder or Mimar (traditional architect) of historic buildings was simultaneously designing the architecture as well as choosing the suitable form, proportion, and material for the best structural performance.

Keyword: EARTHQUAKES, SEISMIC SAFETY, ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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sahar-architect

مدیر بازنشسته
کاربر ممتاز
Islamic Architecture: Cultural Heritage and Future Challenges

Islamic Architecture: Cultural Heritage and Future Challenges

Islamic Architecture: Cultural Heritage and Future Challenges
Dr. Ibrahim Mostafa Eldemery
*
Housing & Building Research Center
Ministry Of Housing &Urban Utilities/ Egypt
Abstract
During the last 50 years in the trend of modernization, the Western mode started its
encroachment on the territory of the great Islamic cultural heritage; as a result Egypt as a rich
storehouse of architectural heritage in the world have lost much of its historic styles and the
impact of modernization has led to a rupture of continuity between the inherited morphology
and more recent urban structure.
Architectural culture is a localizing force that should bridge the gap which the
historical conscience opened between the past and the present by creating New communities
which are faithful to the traditional architecture in creating an urban environment which
encourages the inspiration of the inherited cultural heritage.
The paper will try to represent the threats to local cultures, and how to achieve the
cultural & urban architectural continuities, between the past, present and the future; by
identifying the role of the architect and actors who are able to create architecture that will be
the heritage of tomorrow. The paper will demonstrate the Future Housing project, which has
received recently the Council of the Arab Ministers for Housing and Reconstruction Award in
the Year 2000 as a case for its innovative approach, that integrates the Islamic architectural
style, planning and environmental dimensions to preserve the treasures of the past and
simultaneously to realize the promise of the future as a respond about continuity and identity.

مشاهده پیوست Dr. Ibrahim Mostafa Eldemery.pdf
 

hastia89

عضو جدید
سلام
یه سوال داشتم، آیا مقالاتی که از انگلیسی به فارسی ترجمه کردیم رو می تونیم در مجلات علمی پژوهشی چاپ کنیم یا نه؟
 

sahar-architect

مدیر بازنشسته
کاربر ممتاز
سلام
یه سوال داشتم، آیا مقالاتی که از انگلیسی به فارسی ترجمه کردیم رو می تونیم در مجلات علمی پژوهشی چاپ کنیم یا نه؟

سلام
بله برخی نشریه ها قبول میکنند
فکر میکنم هنرهای زیبا و معمار و فرهنگ جزو این دسته اند
اما روی موضوع مقاله بسیار حساس باشید چون هزازران مقاله تالیفی در انتظار چاپ هستند و مطمئنا مقاله تالیفی اعتبار بیشتری برای نشریه داره تا ترجمه (هر چقدر هم مقال تالیفی فاقد بار محتوایی باشه)
 

E . H . S . A . N

مدیر تالار مهندسی معماری مدیر تالار هنـــــر
مدیر تالار
A Quantitative Approach for Valuating Architectural Qualities

A Quantitative Approach for Valuating Architectural Qualities


A Quantitative Approach for Valuating Architectural Qualities

Ulf Nordwall and Thomas Olofsson Pp 105-112
http://benthamscience.com/open/tobctj/openaccess2.htm
Architectural qualities is often valuated based on a describable nature with a more personal interpretation, such as living space, size of ground plot, the number of sanitation rooms, or standard points according to the property taxation. Models with values of a more measurable qualitative nature, such monetary parameters,are less used. Within other research areas, for example the environmental and economic field, there are examples of well used qualitative models. One example is the Contingent Valuation (CV) model. It can be used to measure values in terms of willingness to pay on a hypothetic market. In this paper we introduce adirect quantitative approach for evaluating architectural qualities based on the theory of CV. The architectural qualities investigated are: the patina and mellowness of building components, usage flexibility within the apartment, and properties and characteristics of the surroundings.

The method has been applied on a smaller case-study of 150 people living in cooperative and rented flats at Ålidhem, Ålidbacken and Östermalm in Umeå, Sweden. The case study was used merely to demonstrate and evaluate the methodology. The study indicated that the introduced three architectural values could be investigated with the used CV approach. It was found that the tenants had a measureable willingness to pay for those qualities. This supports a notion that valuations of architectural qualities are not entirely subjective and dependent on the individuals. Consequently the study supports the proposal to use qualitative measures to grade and compare such qualities.

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برای دانلود از فایل ضمیمه استفاده نمائید . . .:gol:
 

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همراهی

مدیر بازنشسته
کاربر ممتاز
sciencedirect

sciencedirect

The Evaluation of Architectural Education in the Scope of Sustainable Architecture

Original Research Article
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 89, 10 October 2013, Pages 496-508
İzzet Yüksek

Abstract

In this study, examining the course contents (syllables) in undergraduate and graduate degrees in the departments of architecture at universities in Turkey, the extent they give place to the sustainability issues has been determined. A literature survey dealing with the topic was made, the studies carried out were analysed, and the current situation was compared with the results of these studies. In conclusion, the courses of “sustainable architecture” content in the course syllabuses have increased, but this improvement has been quite incomplete.
 

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hastia89

عضو جدید
باسلام من نمیتونم این فایلو دانلود کنم کمک کنید لطفا

سلام. فایل ها مشکلی ندارن. اگر منظورتون فایل با فرمت txt هست بعد از دانلود ، فایل رو باز کنید و ادرسی که داخلش هست رو کپی کنید و روی مرورگر paste کنید تا صفحه دانلود مقاله بیاد.
 

--زهرا

عضو جدید
سلام دوستان من می خوام درمورد جداره های شهری یا پیوستگی جداره های شهر ی پایان نامه در واقع مقاله بنویسم ممنون میشم راهنمایی ام کنید هیپچی توی انینترنت پیدا نکردم :( ممنون میشم - همین;)
 

hastia89

عضو جدید
سلام دوستان . اگر ممکنه چند تا مجله ی ISI در زمینه ی معماری معرفی کنید که سابمیتش رایگان باشه.
 
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